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They point to the first char of a WideString-typed variable. Variables of type PWideString are pointers. Variables of type PUnicodeString are pointers to variables of type UnicodeString. However, unlike PShortString-type variables they don't point to the first byte of the header, but to the first char of the AnsiString. Variables of type PAnsiString are pointers to AnsiString-type variables.

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WideStrings consist of COM compatible UTF16 encoded bytes on Windows machines (UCS2 on Windows 2000), and they are encoded as plain UTF16 on Linux, Mac OS X and iOS.Ī variable of type PShortString is a pointer that points to the first byte of a ShortString-type variable (which defines the length of the ShortString). On Windows they are allocated with a special windows function which allows them to be used for OLE automation. Variables of type WideString (used to represent unicode character strings in COM applications) resemble those of type UnicodeString, but unlike them they are not reference-counted. In the LCL unit lclproc it is an alias to UnicodeString. The type UTF16String is an alias to the type WideString. Note that String can also contain UTF-8 encoded characters. unicode data) ranging from 1.4 bytes per character. It is meant to contain UTF-8 encoded strings (i.e. In FPC 2.7.1 and above it is defined as UTF8String = type AnsiString ( CP_UTF8 ) In FPC 2.6.5 and below the type UTF8String was an alias to the type AnsiString. FPC Multi-byte String types documentation.Note: The UnicodeString naming is a bit ambiguous but probably due to its use in Delphi on Windows, where the OS uses UTF16 encoding it's not the only string type that can hold Unicode string data (see also UTF8String). Like AnsiStrings, UnicodeStrings are reference counted, null-terminated arrays, but they are implemented as arrays of WideChars instead of regular Chars. A value of CP_NONE results in RawBytestring and a value of CP_UTF8 results in UTF8String.

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Internally, a variable of type AnsiString is treated as a pointer: the actual content of the string is stored on the heap, as much memory as needed to store the string content is allocated.Īn AnsiString type may also have a compile-time code page since FPC 2.7.1 a missing value defaults to DefaultSystemCodePage. They are reference counted and are guaranteed to be null terminated.

FPC Single-byte String types documentationĪnsistrings are strings that have no length limit.

A short string of 255 characters uses 256 bytes of memory (one byte for the length specification and 255 bytes for characters). The length is stored in the character at index 0. Short strings have a maximum length of 255 characters with the implicit codepage CP_ACP.

Reference for unit 'strutils': Procedures and functions.In mode delphiunicode' String is UnicodeString.

The type String may refer to ShortString or AnsiString, depending from the ) string without length specifier will define an AnsiString, otherwise a ShortString with specified length. in interaction with certain OS libraries or third-party software.Ī variable of type PWideChar is a pointer to a WideChar variable. PChars can be used to access C-style null-terminated strings, e.g. ) PCharĪ variable of type PChar is basically a pointer to a Char type, but allows additional operations. Note: Unassigned chars in dynamic arrays have a content #0, cause empty positions of all dynamic arrays are initially initialised with 0 (or #0, or nil, or. It is, however, still supported to ensure backward-compatibility with ancient code. This approach has many disadvantages and is no longer recommended. The only possibility to store strings in variables was the use of arrays of char. Therefore, 2 WideChars may be needed to encode a single code point.Įarly Pascal implementations that were in use before 1978 did not support a string type (with the exception of string constants). Note: it is impossible to encode all Unicode code points in 2 bytes. Wikipedia:Windows code page#ANSI code pageĪ variable of type WideChar, also referred to as UnicodeChar, is exactly 2 bytes in size, and usually contains one Unicode code point (normally a character) in UTF-16 encoding.A variable of type AnsiChar, also referred to as char, is exactly 1 byte in size, and contains one 'ANSI' (local code page) character.